What is a Property’s EPC Rating? (And Why It Matters for Landlords in Scotland)

If you’re a landlord in Scotland, you may already be aware of Energy Performance Certificates (EPCs), but with proposed changes currently under discussion in the Scottish Parliament, it’s more important than ever to understand what an EPC rating means and how it could soon affect your legal obligations as a property owner.

What is an EPC Rating?

An Energy Performance Certificate (EPC) rates how energy efficient a property is, from A (most efficient) to G (least efficient). It includes:

• An overall rating
• Estimated energy use and fuel costs
• Recommendations for improvements

The rating reflects how costly a property is to heat and run, based on insulation, heating systems, windows, lighting, and more.

EPCs are valid for 10 years, and must be carried out by an accredited Domestic Energy Assessor.

Current EPC Requirements for Landlords in Scotland (as of 2025)

Currently, all rental properties in Scotland must have a valid EPC before being advertised to let, and a copy must be provided to prospective tenants. The EPC rating must also be displayed in any marketing materials.

However, unlike England and Wales, there is no legal minimum EPC rating (such as an E rating) that landlords are required to meet yet.

Planned Legislative Changes (Under Consultation)

The Scottish Government has committed to improving the energy efficiency of homes as part of its Net Zero by 2045 target. As part of this, the Heat in Buildings Bill is currently being developed and debated in Parliament. While no legislation has been passed as of mid-2025, the proposed measures for the private rented sector (PRS) include:

• Minimum EPC requirement: All PRS homes may need to meet an EPC C rating by a proposed date (previously suggested as 2028).
• Tighter controls on new tenancies: Future rules could prevent landlords from letting out properties below a certain EPC threshold.
• Enforcement and penalties: Non-compliance could eventually lead to fines or restrictions on letting properties.

This is a major shift from current rules and would require many landlords to make significant energy upgrades.

Why Should Landlords Act Now?

Even though legislation hasn't been finalised, it’s not a matter of if, but when. Landlords who take early action will be best placed to:

• Avoid future penalties
• Maintain tenant interest in a competitive rental market
• Lower energy bills (which can reduce turnover and improve satisfaction)
• Preserve or increase property value

How to Improve Your EPC Rating

Common steps to improve your property's EPC rating include:

• Upgrading loft and cavity wall insulation
• Replacing old boilers with modern, energy-efficient models
• Installing double or triple glazing
• Fitting smart heating controls and thermostats
• Using low-energy lighting throughout the property

These changes can often be made gradually, and there may be grants or funding available to support energy improvements.

Funding and Support

Landlords may be able to access funding through:

• Home Energy Scotland
• Local council schemes
• Scottish Government loans for energy efficiency improvements

While details will vary, especially as the Heat in Buildings Bill progresses, it’s wise to stay informed and explore what help is available now.

Final Thoughts

The EPC rating of your property might not be a legal barrier today—but in Scotland, change is on the horizon. With proposed legislation in development, landlords are being encouraged to take proactive steps now to future-proof their properties, support energy efficiency goals, and remain compliant as the law evolves.

If you’re unsure about your EPC rating or how to improve it, we can help.  At Albany Lettings, we work closely with expert contractors, who complete EPC certification and make recommendations as to how you can improve the performance of your property.

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